Walter Russell Mead
makes that case:
A new report discussed in the FT claims
that American shale gas production has actually reduced carbon
emissions by 450 million tons over the past five years, during which
fracking came into widespread use. As the report mentions, gas—mostly
obtained via fracking—has grown in usage by 38 percent over the past
year alone, while much dirtier coal has fallen by nearly 20 percent over
the same time period. The correlation between the rise of fracking and a
fall in carbon output is not a coincidence. While greens have spent
years chasing a global green unicorn, America has been moving towards
reducing its carbon footprint on its own, and fracking has been the
centerpiece of this change.
In fact, America’s drop in carbon emissions is greater than that of
any other country in the survey. Greens have often praised Europe and
Australia for their foresight in adopting forward-thinking
carbon-trading schemes, while chastising America for its reluctance to
do the same. Yet the numbers are out, and America has actually performed
better than its carbon-trading peers. From an empirical
standpoint, fracking has a much better track record at reducing
emissions than the current green dream.
He conveniently leaves out
this:
Robert Howarth, an ecologist and evolutionary biologist, and Anthony
Ingraffea, a civil and environmental engineer, reported that fracked
wells leak 40 to 60 percent more methane than conventional natural gas
wells. When water with its chemical load is forced down a well to break
the shale, it flows back up and is stored in large ponds or tanks. But
volumes of methane also flow back up the well at the same time and are
released into the atmosphere before they can be captured for use. This
giant belch of "fugitive methane" can be seen in infrared videos taken at well sites.
Molecule for molecule, methane traps 20 to 25 times more heat in the
atmosphere than does carbon dioxide. The effect dissipates faster,
however: airborne methane remains in the atmosphere for about 12 years
before being scrubbed out by ongoing chemical reactions, whereas CO2
lasts 30 to 95 years. Nevertheless, recent data from the two Cornell
scientists and others indicate that within the next 20 years, methane
will contribute 44 percent of the greenhouse gas load produced by the
U.S. Of that portion, 17 percent will come from all natural gas
operations.
Currently, pipeline leaks are the main culprit, but fracking is a
quickly growing contributor. Ingraffea pointed out that although 25,000
high-volume shale-gas wells are already operating in the U.S., hundreds
of thousands are scheduled to go into operation within 20 years, and
millions will be operating worldwide, significantly expanding emissions
and keeping atmospheric methane levels high despite the 12-year
dissipation time.
He also doesn't touch potential water pollution or other issues. As far as cleaning up carbon goes, the methane impact will be pretty significant. But that doesn't fit with the point he was looking to make.
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